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EngineeringEnergy

Catapults

Spark excitement as students explore different types of energy and the science behind energy transfer by designing and building their own cotton ball-launching catapults.

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  • Grades 3–5Grade level
  • Instant PDFPrint or project
  • Open-endedMany right answers
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About this lesson

Spark excitement as students explore different types of energy and the science behind energy transfer by designing and building their own cotton ball-launching catapults. In this challenge, learners discover how potential energy, stored when parts of their device are bent or stretched, is transformed into kinetic energy to propel a projectile. Students test and improve their designs, analyzing how factors like angle, force, and design influence launch distance. Hands-on testing makes physics engaging, helping students connect abstract science concepts to real-world engineering and fun experimentation!

* Students design their own catapult; this is not a guided build. Students will not be told how to create a specific type of catapult using specific materials.*

1

Introduce the challenge

2

Design & build

3

Test it

4

Improve & share

At a glance

Grades
3rd Grade, 4th Grade, 5th Grade
Subject
Engineering
Theme
Energy
Formats
Digital Lesson
Standards
NGSS-aligned, cross-curricular STEAM
File type
PDF (print or project)

Student work examples

Student workReal student work from Catapults
What’s includedA quick tour of the full Digital Lesson

What’s in the Digital Lesson

  • Step-by-step facilitator guide
  • Learning objectives + suggested time breakdown
  • Materials list (common classroom supplies)
  • Student challenge brief + student pages
  • NGSS / STEAM standards alignment
  • Instant PDF download. Print or project

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